(2). 淘汰高耗設備、鼓勵環保設備的投入
為減少加熱爐(lu)通過爐(lu)壁的(de)(de)熱損(sun)(sun)失,須(xu)對鑄件(jian)熱處理爐(lu)、殼模(mo)焙燒爐(lu)和砂型(xing)烘(hong)干爐(lu)進行改(gai)造(zao)。采用保(bao)溫效果好的(de)(de)硅酸鋁耐火(huo)纖維作爐(lu)體(ti)保(bao)層,以減少爐(lu)子的(de)(de)熱損(sun)(sun)失。如處理得(de)當,可節電30~35%,節約烷烴 15~20%。淘(tao)汰耗(hao)能大(da)的(de)(de)陳舊落后(hou)設(she)備,采用耗(hao)能低的(de)(de)先進設(she)備,可大(da)大(da)降(jiang)低能源消耗(hao),達到(dao)節能降(jiang)耗(hao)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
(1).提高鑄件質量是節能降耗的根本
鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量對能(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)耗(hao)的影響較大,鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)內在(zai)(zai)(zai)、外(wai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)質(zhi)量問(wen)題造成(cheng)(cheng)報廢而(er)重(zhong)復生(sheng)產(chan)(chan),能(neng)(neng)源消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)耗(hao)量大大增加(jia)。因此(ci),生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)優(you)(you)良(liang)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是較大的節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng),同時(shi)還可(ke)提(ti)高勞動生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)率(lv)。根據統計計算,鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)率(lv)每提(ti)高1%,每噸鋁液可(ke)多(duo)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)約8~10kg的優(you)(you)良(liang)ZLD205A鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)鋁件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian),節(jie)(jie)電10~15kW?h。因此(ci),在(zai)(zai)(zai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)藝設計時(shi)應優(you)(you)先考慮采用近(jin)凈形鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造工(gong)藝技術(如熔模(mo)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造、金(jin)屬型鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造、半金(jin)屬型鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造和低(di)壓鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)造等),提(ti)高鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)外(wai)觀質(zhi)量和尺寸(cun)精度,減(jian)少機加(jia)工(gong)余量。增加(jia)檢測(ce)儀器,采用先進檢測(ce)手段,將鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)質(zhi)量問(wen)題消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)滅在(zai)(zai)(zai)萌芽之中,減(jian)少或(huo)避(bi)免加(jia)工(gong)廢品(pin),減(jian)少鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)返修或(huo)焊補等,有利于節(jie)(jie)能(neng)(neng)降耗(hao)。另外(wai),在(zai)(zai)(zai)鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程中,應用合金(jin)液過濾技術,可(ke)消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)除或(huo)減(jian)少鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)夾渣等缺(que)陷,提(ti)高了鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)成(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)率(lv),減(jian)少了鑄(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的修補工(gong)作,就是降低(di)了能(neng)(neng)源和材(cai)料的消(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)耗(hao)。
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